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7 t$=" "))-(t$="F"
2 tt-addt*256
2 ;"want,or 0 if none."
2 ;"signature to include";
2 ;"and press ENTER."
2 ;"Press the number you";
2 ;"Do you want your key";
2 ,a;"crotchets/minute."
2 TIME SIGNATURE
2
1 y$(e+c);" flats.":
1 y$(e)="0");("sharps."
1 y$(e);" sharps."
1 xpos=hp-c+i:
1 x,pn;e$(y);
1 x,pn-c;f$(v);
1 x+c,pn;e$(y+c)
1 x+c,pn-c;f$(v+c)
1 vp+c,xpos;
1 v=v-c+(t$="S"
1 v=v+a+(t$="S"
1 v=v+(t$="S"
1 v=b+(t$="N")+(a
1 v+l$(l)+t$
1 t$="F")-(t$="S"
1 t$="F")+(9
1 t$=" ")-((f
1 s$=s$+s$(7
1 p=c)+("stave mode"
1 p=c)+(" C"
1 n=n+c+lb-w
1 n-a)+("ST"
1 l=l-(l>c):
1 l$(n)*.0625
1 key signature
1 key of C major
1 instead of a note!"
1 i,pn-c;" ":
1 h$(n-a)="E");" "
1 h$(c)="C");("Spectrum keyboard.)"
1 c;"Now listen to the";
1 c;" 2 KEYBOARD MODE "
1 c;" 1 STAVE MODE "
1 but here we have:"',"
1 b;z$;z$;z$;
1 a$(n+c)=p$(q)
1 a$(n+c)*r,
1 a b c d e f g A B C D E F G
1 a b c d e f g r A B C D E F G R X<
1 a b c d e f g r A B C D E F G R S6
1 We need to change the last two intervals."
1 Time signatures and bar lines together give rhythm to music."
1 This time we need to FLATTEN the note B, ie make it B";f$(7
1 This is known as COMMON TIME."
1 The upper figure says how many beats are wanted in each bar."
1 The time signature defines the length of each bar."
1 The lower figure is the beat:"
1 T T S T T T S"'"
1 T T S T T T S"
1 T T S T T S T"'"
1 Semiquaver Dotted semiquaverQuaver Dotted quaver Crotchet Dotted crotchet Minim Dotted minim Semibreve Dotted semibreve L
1 Please name your tune.
1 Notes spanning bar lines are TIED together as here."
1 Music 4 g
1 Music 3
1 Music 2
1 Music 1 y
1 Middle C is always on a leger line below the G stave."
1 KEY SIGNATURE OCTAVE HAS"'"
1 For next note, press:
1 DOTTED CROTCHET"
1 C major natural notes F major one flat"'" G major one sharp"
1 A REST is a silence";
1 ;("2, 3, 4, "
1 ;"your tune played"
1 ;"your tape-recorder";
1 ;"to modify the natural";
1 ;"to load?"
1 ;"time signature):"
1 ;"the name
1 ;"tape-recorder now."''
1 ;"signature):";
1 ;"previous one."
1 ;"octave F to F. Note";
1 ;"notes.";
1 ;"note, B."
1 ;"natural notes G to G."
1 ;"major has the intervals:";
1 ;"is unusual!"
1 ;"into RECORD mode!"
1 ;"from left to right, is
1 ;"from C to C."
1 ;"figure in time"
1 ;"especially the fourth";
1 ;"common time will be"
1 ;"assumed:";
1 ;"a scale in the key of C";
1 ;"Your time signature";
1 ;"Which tune do you want";
1 ;"Using the symbols:";
1 ;"Type required beat";
1 ;"Type number of beats";
1 ;"To interrupt the tune";
1 ;"This is again not right."
1 ;"The key of
1 ;"Sharp ":
1 ;"Select number of beats";
1 ;"Select beat (lower";
1 ;"Saving your tune with";
1 ;"SEMITONE
1 ;"SAVE YOUR TUNE"
1 ;"Press: Y - Yes";
1 ;"Press: C - change it";
1 ;"Press: A - add to tune";
1 ;"Please start your";
1 ;"Now listen to the natural";
1 ;"Next: ";n$(l)
1 ;"Natural":
1 ;"NOTES ON MUSIC"
1 ;"MAKE MUSIC"
1 ;"M - new mode"
1 ;"M - make changes"
1 ;"Listen to the
1 ;"LOAD A TUNE "
1 ;"LISTEN TO YOUR TUNE"
1 ;"KEYBOARD MODE "
1 ;"K - keep it!"
1 ;"In this case we sharpen the";
1 ;"If you press N,";
1 ;"How fast do you want";
1 ;"Flat ":
1 ;"F note - F";f$(11
1 ;"Enter a number between";
1 ;"Each note on the keyboard,";
1 ;"Don't forget to put";
1 ;"Do you want to choose";
1 ;"Did the penultimate note";
1 ;"CREATE A TUNE"
1 ;"C D E F G A B C"''" Check this from the keyboard above."
1 ;"Beat: ";g
1 ;"AMEND A TUNE "
1 ;"A - abandon";
1 ;"40 (slow) and 200"
1 ;"2 or 4 or 8 or 16"
1 ;"120 is recommended."
1 ;"- T for tone";
1 ;"- S for semitone";
1 ;"(upper figure in";
1 ;"(the white ones on a piano)";
1 ;"(fast) and press ENTER";
1 ;"(crotchets/minute)?"
1 ;"(The letters refer to the"'" ";("overlay.)"
1 ;"(F) sound right? Listen";
1 ;" STAVE MODE "
1 ;" GOODBYE! ";
1 ;" Press any letter to continue";
1 ;" ":
1 ;" ";
1 ;" "
1 7777666655544443332221111D
1 120 crotchets/ minute,"
1 1113113313311331331131133E
1 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy88888888888888888888888888888888::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::::8888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888888880000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000J
1 ."''" Written on the stave as here, this says all F notes are SHARP unless we say otherwise."
1 . There is no difference! Use the more convenient."
1 ,c;nt;" notes! Tune finished!"
1 ,c;"When you use this program to create your own music, try out different time signatures to see the effect."
1 ,c;"Tunes can have a key signature of more than one flat or sharp."
1 ,c;"This time there are to be two minims per bar."
1 ,c;"The note is split and spreads into the next bar. This will be done for you automatically."
1 ,c;"So, bars have fixed duration."''" What happens when a note is too long for a bar? Suppose we want a minim here?"
1 ,c;"Note the order and position of the ";("flats."
1 ,c;"Listen to the difference.
1 ,c;"In this program you can create notes in two different ways."
1 ,c;"In summary:"''"
1 ,c;"Four crotchets per bar are"'" assumed if no time signature is given."''"
1 ,c;"Each note has a particular"'" position on the STAVE - the"'" lines on which music is written"
1 ,c;"Each black note can be written as a SHARP or as a FLAT. So, the note between C and D is C
1 ,c;"Choice of time signature does not restrict choice of notes."
1 ,c;"C major has the pattern:"',"
1 ,c;"As you create a tune, the bar lines are calculated for you from the time signature."
1 ,c;"A time signature has two parts written one under the other on the stave, as the 3 and 4 here."
1 ,c;" Press 1 or 2 to select your method of entering notes.";
1 ,b;" Press: C (continue), Q (quit). ";
1 ,b;" Now hear the amended octave - the key of F major (with one flat).":
1 ,b;" The C major scale starts with notes C and D; it omits the black note between them. This is an interval of a
1 ,b;" A series of 8 notes starting and ending with the same letter like this, is an
1 ,b;" A key signature with one sharp signifies the key of
1 ,a;"you choose 120";
1 ,a;"type of rest has a";
1 ,a;"the durations."
1 ,a;"symbols for each of";
1 ,a;"speeds."
1 ,a;"saw the symbol for each";
1 ,a;"relative to a crotchet."
1 ,a;"relative length."
1 ,a;"or, in short, ";e$(3
1 ,a;"of rest surrounded by";
1 ,a;"notes of the same";
1 ,a;"note and heard its";
1 ,a;"name given to a note of";
1 ,a;"lasts twice as long as";
1 ,a;"duration."
1 ,a;"different symbol."
1 ,a;"different durations.";
1 ,a;"can choose your speed"
1 ,a;"between 40 and 200";
1 ,a;"at that speed."
1 ,a;"a speed chosen for it."
1 ,a;"a particular length.)"
1 ,a;"a crotchet."
1 ,a;"a crotchet and a minim";
1 ,a;"a corresponding rest."
1 ,a;"We suggest that usually";
1 ,a;"Notice also that each";
1 ,a;"Listen now to each type";
1 ,a;"Lengths are defined";
1 ,a;"In this program, you";
1 ,a;"In ""Note duration"" we";
1 ,a;"Here are these notes at";
1 ,a;"Here are some crotchets";
1 ,a;"Hear the difference."
1 ,a;"For this ";("note"
1 ,a;"For example, a
1 ,a;"Each piece of music has";
1 ,a;"Each note duration has";
1 ,a;"Do try out different";
1 ,a;"Clearly notes can have";
1 ,a;"And now the names and";
1 ,a;"And at ";e$(3
1 ,a;"A typical example is";
1 ,a;"A note halfway between";
1 ,a;"8 Switch to ";("keyboard"
1 ,a;"7 Stop"
1 ,a;"6 Return to main menu"
1 ,a;"6 Load a tune"
1 ,a;"5 Time signature";
1 ,a;"5 Save a tune";
1 ,a;"4 Key signature"
1 ,a;"4 Amend a tune"
1 ,a;"3 Rests";
1 ,a;"3 Play a tune";
1 ,a;"2 Note duration"
1 ,a;"2 Create a tune"
1 ,a;"1 Notes on music";
1 ,a;"1 Note pitch";
1 ,a;"(""Crotchet"" is the";
1 +n,a;n$(n);" ";(" "
1 +"m"+l$(e)+" m"+l$(e)+"
1 );". It has ";
1 );" to ";y$(e+2
1 );" print screen; ";
1 );" copy note Z copy rest of original tune ";
1 )+("6, 9, 12"
1 '" So here we have requested three crotchets per bar."
1 '" Here is an example."
1 '" A tune based on the octave C to C is in the
1 '" - 2 minim"'" - 4 crotchet"'" - 8 quaver"'" - 16 semiquaver"
1 "R rest a-g, A-G for required note ^ longer note;
1 "M rest top half of keyboard for note H longer note; G shorter note";z$;" X delete LAST note; K end tune"
1 "Error; please re-enter ";i$:
1 "+l$(e)+" "
1 ");("rest"
1 ");" press ";
1 " Often the first note in a bar is stressed most. This can be shown on computers which cater for changes of volume."
1 " C D E F G A B C D E "
1 shorter note S sharp; L flat; N natural X delete LAST note; K end tune"
1 higher than the";
1 goes from";
1 Upper C is always between these two lines"
1 This key signature is uncommon."
1 Press key from 1 to 8
1 Press key from 1 to 6
1 E RE F F
1 C D E F G A B C D E
1 B RE C C
1 CHOOSE YOUR COMMAND
1 CHOOSE WHICH NOTE
1 (two semitones)."
1 "Music 4"
1 "Music 3"
1 "Music 2"
1 R6